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Farmers are now monitoring plant health, humidity, soil conditions, temperatures, and more with sensors. The technology provides them with a better understanding of their crops than they’d be able to see with the naked eye. The purpose of this is to improve decisions in the field, thus resulting in a more sustainable harvest for the farmer, and more delicious food for us all.
Stress Alert
Among the latest additions to the smart farmers’ toolbox are nano-sensors made of carbon nanotubes that can be embedded in plant leaves and signal an alert when the plants are stressed. The method, developed by MIT engineers, reveals if the plants are injured, suffering light damage, infected, or more.
It works by monitoring the activity of hydrogen peroxide in the leaves. When a plant is in distress, it sends out signals or communicates using hydrogen peroxide within its leaves. The distress signals vary depending on the situation, and the nano-sensors can distinguish between the different types of stress. They can do so even between different plant species.
Michael Strano, a professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT, said:
Plants have a very sophisticated form of internal communication, which we can now observe for the first time. That means that in real-time, we can see a living plant’s response, communicating the specific type of stress that it’s experiencing.
This sensor isn’t available for farmers yet. For now, it’s only being used by agricultural scientists looking to develop new strategies to improve crop yields by studying how different plants respond to different types of stress.
Soil Moisture
Farmers can get real-time insight into the conditions of their crops soil with Sensoterra – an affordable, wireless, Internet of Things (IoT) method to monitor moisture levels remotely. The system consists of sensors and probes that send data to a smartphone or desktop. Having the opportunity to compare daily, weekly, and seasonal soil moisture levels result in smarter decisions that increase crop yields and saves water.
Drones and Satellites
Drones are a valuable tool for modern farmers. They survey lands, generate crop data, and spray fertilizer 40-60 times faster than doing so by hand, according to DroneFly, and more. Meanwhile, satellites are also gathering data over time to help farmers better their practice, estimate crop yields, and monitor the plants’ maturity and health overall.
Airflow
Every soil produces a uniquely identifiable signature of air permeability depending on the structure, compaction, moisture level, and soil type. Airflow sensors measure the soil’s air permeability to monitor wellness, giving farmers the information necessary to calculate fertilizer requirements accurately.
Grain Control
When it comes to storing seed recollection, BeanIoT is the sensor for the job. The thumb-sized device gets tossed into grain silos and wirelessly delivers data to a farmer’s smartphone regarding moisture, temperature, air quality, CO2 (and other gas) levels, movement, and altitude. If there’s nothing wrong with the grain, BeanIoT remains dormant and charges wirelessly, so its battery lasts for over a year.
Conclusion
“Internet of Things farming” is the next level of agriculture. Throughout farming history, there have been technological innovations that push the industry to the next level. During the Industrial Revolution, it was the cotton gin. In the 1800’s it was grain elevators, the first gas-powered tractor, and chemical fertilizers. In the 1900s, farmers started using satellites to plan their work. Now, they are using sensors, drones and dipping their feet into IoT applications.
When the world’s population reaches 9.7 billion in 2050 (as projected by the UN), the demand for food will rise substantially. Global agricultural production is forecasted to increase by 69% between 2010 and 2050. The high-tech smart farms of the future, getting analytics from the IoT to increase production capabilities, will be able to meet demands while preserving resources.